Association between Chronic Pain and Diabetes/Prediabetes: A Population-Based Cross-Sectional Survey in Saudi Arabia

Table 2

Logistic regression model using BMI and binary diabetic class variable as predictors for chronic pain (binary outcome), after adjusting for sociodemographic and other variables (n = 1,031).

Dependent/outcome categorical variable (pain sites)	B	SE of B	Sig.	Exp (B)/odds ratio	95% CI for odds ratio
					Lower	Upper
Diabetic class (binary)	1.072	0.194	0.037	1.931	1.536	2.362
Body mass index (BMI)	0.024	0.012	0.051	1.025	1.000	1.050
Age	0.031	0.011	0.004	1.032	1.010	1.054
Gender	0.171	0.100	0.400	1.187	0.797	1.767
Education level	0.031	0.100	0.760	1.031	0.847	1.255
Cholesterol	−0.100	0.100	0.316	0.905	0.745	1.100
Smoking status	0.100	0.141	0.477	1.106	0.838	1.458