Ultrasound-Guided Selective Nerve Root Block versus Fluoroscopy-Guided Interlaminar Epidural Block versus Fluoroscopy-Guided Transforaminal Epidural Block for the Treatment of Radicular Pain in the Lower Cervical Spine: A Retrospective Comparative Study

Table 3

Univariable analysis for possible outcome predictors for injection effectiveness at follow-up.

Characteristic	Responders (n = 64)	Nonresponders (n = 58)	value
Injection method, n (%)
US-SNRB	24 (37.5)	20 (34.5)	0.942
FL-CIESI	21 (32.8)	20 (34.5)
FL-TF	19 (29.7)	18 (31.0)
Cause, n (%)
HCD	24 (37.5)	21 (36.2)	0.882
Stenosis	40 (62.5)	37 (63.8)
Pain duration, n (%)
<6 month	24 (37.5)	15 (25.9)	0.169
>6 month	40 (62.5)	43 (74.1)
Gender, n (%)
Female	43 (67.2)	40 (69.0)	0.833
Male	21 (32.8)	18 (31.0)
Age, n (%)
≤39	8 (12.5)	6 (10.3)	0.815
40–49	14 (21.9)	14 (24.1)
50–59	20 (31.3)	18 (31.0)
60–69	14 (21.9)	16 (27.6)
>70	8 (12.5)	4 (6.9)
Number of injections, n (%)
1	36 (56.3)	33 (56.9)	0.943
2	28 (43.8)	25 (43.1)
Analgesic use, n (%)
NSAID usage	32 (55.2)	38 (59.4)	0.639
Opioid usage	35 (54.7)	33 (56.9)	0.806

Ultrasound (US), selective nerve root block (SNRB), fluoroscopy (FL), cervical interlaminar epidural steroid injection (CIESI), transforaminal (TF), herniated cervical disc (HCD), non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).