Association between Postoperative Opioid Requirements and the Duration of Smoking Cessation in Male Smokers after Laparoscopic Distal Gastrectomy with Gastroduodenostomy

<div>Flowchart of the present study. ITSM: Information Technology of Service Management; IV PCA: intravenous patient-controlled analgesia.</div>

Pain Research and Management

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Figure 1

Figure 1: Association between Postoperative Opioid Requirements and the Duration of Smoking Cessation in Male Smokers after Laparoscopic Distal Gastrectomy with Gastroduodenostomy 

Figure 1 | Association between Postoperative Opioid Requirements and the Duration of Smoking Cessation in Male Smokers after Laparoscopic Distal Gastrectomy with Gastroduodenostomy 