Patient-Controlled Analgesia (PCA): Intravenous Administration (IV-PCA) versus Oral Administration (Oral-PCA) by Using a Novel Device (PCoA® Acute) for Hospitalized Patients with Acute Postoperative Pain—A Comparative Retrospective Study

<div>PCoA® Acute: the device is set up and positioned near the patient’s bedside. (a) Patient identity is confirmed by registration of the RFID wristband. (b) The patient withdraws the pillbox to take a pill. (c) The patient applies light suction on the pillbox mouthpiece to receive a pill.</div>

Pain Research and Management

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Figure 1

Figure 1: Patient-Controlled Analgesia (PCA): Intravenous Administration (IV-PCA) versus Oral Administration (Oral-PCA) by Using a Novel Device (PCoA® Acute) for Hospitalized Patients with Acute Postoperative Pain—A Comparative Retrospective Study 

Figure 1 | Patient-Controlled Analgesia (PCA): Intravenous Administration (IV-PCA) versus Oral Administration (Oral-PCA) by Using a Novel Device (PCoA® Acute) for Hospitalized Patients with Acute Postoperative Pain—A Comparative Retrospective Study 