Awake Major Abdominal Surgeries in the COVID-19 Era

Table 2

Regional anesthesia and perioperative results.

Patient	Anesthesia	Lumbar puncture	Sedation	Surgery performed	Operative time (min)	Conversion to GA	PO complications	PO blood transfusion
1	CSE	L2-L3	Yes	LAR	120	—	—	—
2	CSE	L2-L3	Yes	RC	120	—	—	—
3	CSE	L2-L3	Yes	RC	65	—	—	—
4	CSE	L2-L3	—	RC	60	—	—	—
5	CSE	L2-L3	—	CR	60	—	—	—
6	CSE	L2-L3	—	LAR	150	—	—	—
7	CSE	L2-L3	—	RC	60	—	—	Yes
8	CSE	L2-L3	Yes	SR	165	Yes	—	—
9	SA	L1-L2	Yes	RC	60	—	—	—
10	SA	L2-L3	—	IR + HP	60	—	CD2	—
11	CSE	L3-L4	Yes	RC	70	—	—	—
12	CSE	L3-L4	Yes	ExLAP + CS	70	—	—	—
13	EA	L2-L3	—	TR	75	—	—	—

CD: Clavien–Dindo; CR: cecum resection; CS: cytoreductive surgery; CSE: combined spinal-epidural anesthesia; EA: epidural anesthesia; ExLAP: exploratory laparotomy; GA: general anesthesia; HP: hernioplasty; IR: ileal resection; LAR: low anterior resection; min: minutes; PO: postoperative; RC: right colectomy; SA: spinal anesthesia; SR: sigmoid resection; TR: transverse colon resection.