Skin Closure Technique and Postprocedural Pain after Spinal Cord Stimulator Implantation: A Retrospective Review
Table 1
Demographic and other baseline variables based on superficial closure technique.
Overall cohort (n = 152)
Staples (n = 88)
Suture (n = 64)
value
Patients reporting preprocedural and POD#1 NRS score
Age at implanta
65.0 (52.0–75.0)
62.5 (52.2–73.8)
66.0 (52.0–75.0)
0.573
Sexb
Female
77 (50.6)
48 (54.5)
29 (45.3)
0.3244
Male
75 (49.3)
40 (45.5)
35 (54.7)
BMIa
31.2 (27.7–34.6)
31.5 (28.4–35.3)
30.8 (26.0–34.5)
0.196
Preprocedural pain scorea
8.0 (7.0–9.0)
8.0 (8.0–10.0)
8.0 (8.0–9.0)
0.975
History of fibromyalgiab
7 (4.8)
6 (7.2)
1 (1.6)
0.141
History of opioid useb
42 (27.6)
24 (27.3)
18 (28.1)
1.000
Implant typeb
Dorsal column spinal cord stimulator
133 (87.5)
77 (87.5)
56 (87.5)
1.000
Dorsal root ganglion stimulator
19 (12.5)
11 (12.5)
8 (12.5)
Vendor companyb
Abbott
20 (13.2)
11 (12.5)
9 (14.1)
0.811
Medtronic
62 (40.8)
36 (40.9)
26 (40.6)
1.000
Nevro
70 (46.0)
41 (46.6)
29 (45.3)
1.000
Overall cohort (n = 124)
Staples (n = 73)
Suture (n = 51)
value
Patients reporting preprocedural and POD#10 NRS score
Age at implanta
62.0 (50.5–74.0)
61.0 (48.0–73.0)
64.5 (50.8–75.3)
0.517
Sexb
Female
65 (52.4)
40 (54.8)
25 (49.0)
0.586
Male
59 (47.6)
33 (45.2)
26 (51.0)
BMIa
31.1 (27.7–34.6)
31.2 (28.1–34.4)
30.6 (26.3–34.7)
0.489
Preprocedural pain scorea
8.0 (8.0–9.2)
8.0 (8.0–10.0)
8.0 (8.0–9.0)
0.808
History of fibromyalgiab
7 (5.7)
5 (6.9)
2 (3.9)
0.698
History of opioid useb
38 (30.6)
23 (31.5)
15 (29.4)
0.845
Implant typeb
Dorsal column spinal cord stimulator
108 (87.1)
64 (87.7)
44 (86.3)
1.000
Dorsal root ganglion stimulator
16 (12.9)
9 (12.3)
7 (13.7)
Vendor companyb
Abbott
17 (13.7)
9 (12.3)
8 (15.7)
0.606
Medtronic
48 (38.7)
29 (39.7)
19 (37.2)
0.852
Nevro
59 (47.6)
35 (47.9)
24 (47.0)
1.000
aMedian value (25–75% interquartile range); bnumber (%); different sample sizes are present on postoperative day #1 and postoperative day #10 based on capture of patient report of pain scores. value <0.05; the Mann–Whitney U test was performed to compare continuous outcomes, and Fisher’s exact test was performed to compare categorical outcomes.
