Perioperative Low-Dose Ketamine for Postoperative Pain Management in Spine Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Figure 3

Forest plot of the pain intensity at rest for the ketamine group and control group. (a) 6 h; (b) 12 h; (c) 24 h; (d) 48 h.

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(b)

(c)

(d)