Improvement in Disability Mediates the Effect of Self-Efficacy on Pain Relief in Chronic Low Back Pain Patients with Exercise Therapy

Table 4

Correlation analyses between changes in pain and disability and psychological status during the follow-up and comparison of the correlations between control vs. exercise.

Control (N = 49)
Correlation coefficient (r)	ΔNRS	ΔPDAS	ΔPSEQ	ΔPCS
^ΔNRS	—	0.09	−0.36	0.21
^ΔPDAS		—	−0.17	0.42
Exercise (N = 49)
Correlation coefficient (r)	ΔNRS	ΔPDAS	ΔPSEQ	ΔPCS
^ΔNRS	—	0.47	−0.38	0.41
^ΔPDAS		—	−0.58	0.62
Comparison of correlation coefficients between control and exercise
Test statistics Z	ΔNRS	ΔPDAS	ΔPSEQ	ΔPCS
^ΔNRS	—	−2.02^†	0.10	−1.09
^ΔPDAS		—	2.38^†	−1.32

^ΔScores at 3 month to scores at baseline; NRS, Numerical Rating Scale of pain; PDAS, Pain Disability Assessment Scale; PSEQ, Pain Self-Efficacy Questionnaire; PCS, Pain Catastrophizing Scale. The Pearson correlation coefficient, . Comparison of correlations between control vs. exercise, ^†.