The Pain Intensity/Quality and Pain Site Association with Muscle Activity and Muscle Activity Distribution in Patients with Chronic Low Back Pain: Using a Generalized Linear Mixed Model Analysis

Table 2

GLMM regression results for relationship between muscle activity and pain intensity/quality.

Model	Variables	Estimate	Lower CI	Upper CI	Rhat
SFMPQ-2 subclass	Continuous pain	0.35	−0.34	1.04	1.00
	Intermittent pain	−0.12	−0.62	0.38	1.00
	Neuropathic pain	−0.62	−1.18	−0.06	1.00
	Affective	−0.41	−0.92	0.10	1.00
Continuous pain	Throbbing pain	−0.03	−0.80	0.75	1.00
	Cramping pain	0.29	−0.73	1.29	1.00
	Gnawing pain	−0.17	−0.74	0.41	1.00
	Aching pain	−0.13	−1.06	0.81	1.00
	Heavy pain	0.10	−0.72	0.92	1.00
	Tenderness	−0.49	−1.45	0.48	1.00
Intermittent pain	Shooting pain	−0.05	−0.75	0.65	1.00
	Stabbing pain	−0.06	−0.69	0.56	1.00
	Sharp pain	0.21	−0.41	0.83	1.00
	Splitting pain	−0.29	−1.07	0.48	1.00
	Electric-shock pain	−0.09	−0.66	0.48	1.00
	Piercing	−0.08	−0.73	0.58	1.00
Neuropathic pain	Hot-burning pain	0.33	−0.22	0.86	1.00
	Cold-freezing pain	−0.25	−0.71	0.21	1.00
	Pain caused by light touch	−0.49	−0.94	−0.05	1.00
	Itching	−0.02	−0.50	0.49	1.00
	Tingling or pins and needles	0.02	−0.54	0.60	1.00
	Numbness	−0.23	−0.74	0.30	1.00
Affective	Tiring-exhausting	0.07	−0.60	0.74	1.00
	Sickening	−0.32	−1.04	0.39	1.00
	Fearful	0.04	−0.65	0.73	1.00
	Punishing-cruel	−0.16	−0.82	0.49	1.00

CI: credible intervals.