Pain Research and Management / 2022 / Article / Tab 1 / Research Article
Ultrasonography Comparison of Diaphragm Morphological Structure and Function in Young and Middle-Aged Subjects with and without Non-Specific Chronic Low Back Pain: A Case-Control Study Table 1 Baseline characteristics of subject’s data.
NCLBP group (N = 31) HC group (N = 32) t /χ 2 /Z value95% CI Age (years) 30.51 ± 6.05 29.13 ± 5.68 −0.94 0.350a (−1.56∼4.35) BMI (kg/m2 ) 21.57 ± 2.55 22.27 ± 3.20 −0.96 0.343a (−2.16∼0.76) Height (cm) 167.00 (162.00–173.00) 166.5 (160.00–176.00) −0.220 0.826b NA Weight (kg) 60.13 ± 9.40 63.18 ± 12.49 −1.10 0.278a (−8.64∼2.52) Sex (n , %) Male 14 (45) 16 (50) 0.15 0.701c NA Female 17 (55) 16 (50) NA Education level, n (%) Junior 0 0 Senior 2 (6.5) 0 (0) 0.238d NA College or higher 29 (93.5) 32 (100) Pain duration, n (%) 3 months to 1 year 8 (25.8) NA 1 year to 5 years 21 (67.7) NA NA 5 years to 10 years 1 (3.2) NA Over 10 years 1 (3.2) NA
a t -value;b Z -value;c χ 2 -value; d Fisher’s exact test.