Functional Alterations of the Basal Ganglia Are Associated with Voluntary Activation of the Core Stabilizing Muscles in Patients with Chronic Low Back Pain: A Cross-Sectional Study

<div>Between-group differences in GMV. Patients with CLBP displayed a significant decrease in GMV in the bilateral thalamus and caudate nucleus and a significant increase in GMV in the left middle frontal gyrus. Abbreviations: ES, effect size; GMV, grey matter volume; HCs, healthy controls; and CLBP, chronic low back pain.</div>

Pain Research and Management

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Figure 3: Functional Alterations of the Basal Ganglia Are Associated with Voluntary Activation of the Core Stabilizing Muscles in Patients with Chronic Low Back Pain: A Cross-Sectional Study 

Figure 3 | Functional Alterations of the Basal Ganglia Are Associated with Voluntary Activation of the Core Stabilizing Muscles in Patients with Chronic Low Back Pain: A Cross-Sectional Study 