Clinical Effects and Safety of Auricular Acupressure as an Adjunct Therapy on Postoperative Pain among Patients with Hip Fracture: A Meta-Analysis

Table 1

Characteristics of the included trails.

Study	Simple size	Age		Intervention		Therapy duration	Outcomes
		I	C	I	C
Li et al. [20]	35/35	68.94 ± 5.66	69.67 ± 5.52	AA + CT	CT	3∼5 t/d, 3 d	VAS, HHS, AAS
Xu and Li [21]	38/38	66.80 ± 3.73	66.88 ± 3.79	AA + CT	CT	3∼5 t/d, 2 d	VAS, AAS
Sun [22]	48/48	N/A	N/A	AA + CT	CT	3∼5 t/d, 3 d	ER
Wu and Wang [23]	35/33	39.5 ± 7.1	41.3 ± 7.2	AA + CT	CT	4∼6 t/d, 3 d	VAS, AAS, AE
Wang et al. [24]	40/40	N/A	N/A	AA + CT	CT	3∼5 t/d	HHS, AE
Yang [25]	60/60	54.6 ± 8.1	53.4 ± 8.3	AA + CT	CT	3∼4 t/d	VAS, ER
Chen [26]	30/30	73.56 ± 7.09	73.48 ± 6.82	AA + CT	CT	4 t/d	VAS
Lv [27]	49/49	59.8 ± 8.6	59.5 ± 8.7	AA + CT	CT	3∼5 t/d, 3 d	VAS
Zhu [28]	235/183	59.84 ± 6.13	60.19 ± 5.74	AA + CT	CT	4 t/d	VAS, HHS, AAS, AE
Shen and Zhou [29]	40/40	N/A	N/A	AA + CT	CT	3∼5 t/d, 3 d	VAS, HHS
Tian et al. [30]	36/36	N/A	N/A	AA + CT	CT	3∼5 t/d, 3 d	VAS
Xu [31]	19/19	60.74 ± 8.76	59.32 ± 7.68	AA + CT	CT	3∼5 t/d, 3 d	VAS, AE
Wang et al. [32]	30/30	60.93 ± 5.90	59.87 ± 6.21	AA + CT	CT	4 t/d	VAS, HHS, AAS, AE
Usichenko et al. [33]	29/25	68 ± 10	66 ± 11	AA + CT	CT	3 d	VAS, AAS, AE

C: control group; I: intervention group; N/A: not applicable AA: auricular acupressure; CT: conventional treatment; VAS: visual analog scale; AAS: amount of analgesics used; HHS: Harris Hip Score; ER: effective rate; AE: adverse events.