The management of chronic pain represents a challenge for clinicians and researchers. The fact that multiple therapeutic strategies are advocated for the treatment of chronic pain leads to the idea that multimodal approaches would lead to better clinical outcomes. Manual therapy, dry needling, and exercise, among others, are generally proposed in current clinical practice guidelines for the management of chronic pain conditions such as neck pain, shoulder pain, hip pain, knee pain, lower back pain, etc.

However, there is high heterogeneity in the quality of evidence supporting each treatment. In addition, most evidence has mainly investigated the isolated effects of one of these interventions, which does not resemble the common clinical practice where different interventions are applied to the same patient. There is a clear need for an integration of the different therapeutic strategies for the development of therapeutic protocols for different conditions with the aim to obtain better treatment outcomes and also to mimic the common clinical practice.

This Special Issue will focus on clinical trials, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses where the combination of two or more interventions is applied to any musculoskeletal chronic pain condition. We believe that the integration of multimodal approaches is the key to better management of these patients. We encourage the submission of high-quality original research and review articles on this topic.

Potential topics include but are not limited to the following:

• Manual therapy
• Dry needling
• Physical therapy
• Exercise
• Rehabilitation
• Chronic pain
• Pain neuroscience education