Musculoskeletal system complaints are extremely common, affecting billions worldwide. There are hundreds of conditions that affect the locomotor system, and these complaints are often formed of compounds of these different conditions. Musculoskeletal pain disorders are the leading cause of disability producing pain worldwide, and are often recurrent and persistent, decreasing quality of life.

Evidence-based practice has been developed to provide clinicians adequate diagnosis, assessment, and management guidelines based on basic and clinical research. However, due to the heterogeneity and complex variety of musculoskeletal pain disorders, specific research in this area is still needed. Proper clinical assessment using objective procedures or patient-reported outcome measures (PROM) is needed for proper clinical evaluation of musculoskeletal pain disorders. In recent times, there has been an increase in chronic musculoskeletal pain, and so proper diagnosis and management through the integration of psychosocial models of these pain conditions is needed. The application of multimodal therapeutic approaches will provoke better effects on the management of painful musculoskeletal pain conditions.

This Special Issue aims to provide updated advances in the clinical identification and assessment of musculoskeletal pain conditions, using both objective measures and PROM and their potential relationships, and in the application of multimodal therapeutic approaches integrating biopsychosocial models in these conditions. We welcome both original research and review articles.

Potential topics include but are not limited to the following:

• Diagnostic accuracy studies assessing the validity, sensitivity, specificity, or reliability data of any diagnostic tools, either objective, such as electromyography and imaging methods, or self-reported (PROM) measures
• Observational studies aiming to identify potential risk factors associated with musculoskeletal conditions
• Methodological studies improving the understanding of the underlying mechanisms behind the etiopathology of musculoskeletal pain disorders
• Clinical trials providing innovative treatments to be used for managing painful musculoskeletal disorders
• Systematic review and meta-analyses about the underlying mechanisms related to musculoskeletal pain syndromes
• Systematic review and meta-analyses evaluating the application of multimodal therapeutic approaches for managing musculoskeletal pain
• Definition or consensus (Delphi) studies on musculoskeletal pain disorders
• Validation of disease-specific questionnaires for musculoskeletal pain conditions
• Clinical practice guidelines about the diagnosis, assessments, and management of musculoskeletal pain conditions