Trade-Off between Foraging Activity and Infestation by Nest Parasites in the Primitively Eusocial Bee Halictus scabiosae

Figure 2

Study site. A strip of $5\times 24$ m (orange bar in the middle image and orange arrows) near the edge of a forest in Krobotek (46°58’N, 16°11’E) in southern Burgenland (Austria) at an altitude of 300 m sea level was selected as the study site. An aggregation of 159 nests of Halictus scabiosae was found in a meadow with thermophilic vegetation on sandy-loamy soil. Yellow scale bars represent 100 m in length. The orange area and the arrows mark the study patch. The bottom image shows the four camcorders on tripods filming the activities at four selected batches as defined in Figure 3.