Bioactivity of Powder and Extracts from Garlic, Allium sativum L. (Alliaceae) and Spring Onion, Allium fistulosum L. (Alliaceae) against Callosobruchus maculatus F. (Coleoptera: Bruchidae) on Cowpea, Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp (Leguminosae) Seeds

Table 1

Acute (48 h) toxicity of test plant materials against Callosobruchus maculatus.

Formulation	Test plant species	${\text{LC}}_{50}$	${\text{LC}}_{95}$	Regression equation	DF	Slope ($\pm$SE)
		95% Confidence Limits	95% Confidence Limits
Powder	A. sativum	9.661 (7.957–11.691)	70.143 (50.983–96.317)	$Y=-1.888+1.916x$	4	$1.916\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}\hspace{0.17em}}\pm \mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}\hspace{0.17em}}0.031$
(g/kg)	A. fistulosum	26.293 (20.485–33.632)	501.742 (293.804–854.42)	$Y=-1.829+1.288x$	4	$1.288\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}\hspace{0.17em}}\pm \mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}\hspace{0.17em}}0.018$
Aqueous	A. sativum	0.110 (0.087–0.137)	1.30 (0.80–2.17)	$Y\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}\hspace{0.17em}}=-1.475+1.583x$	3	$1.538\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}\hspace{0.17em}}\pm \mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}\hspace{0.17em}}0.03$
extracts (g/l)	A. fistulosum	0.411 (0.314–0.510)	4.017 (2.788–6.659)	$Y=0.643+1.667x$	5	$1.667\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}\hspace{0.17em}}\pm \mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}\hspace{0.17em}}0.035$
Ethanol	A. sativum	0.219 (0.181–0.261)	1.297 (0.959–1.803)	$Y=1.409+2.134x$	3	$2.134\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}\hspace{0.17em}}\pm \mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}\hspace{0.17em}}0.046$
extracts (g/l)	A. fistulosum	0.863 (0.687–1.072)	12.955 (7.624–28.913)	$Y=0.089+1.403x$	3	$1.403\mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}\hspace{0.17em}}\pm \mathrm{\hspace{0.17em}\hspace{0.17em}}0.027$

DF: Degree of Freedom; SE: Standard Error.