Foraging Behavior of Praon volucre (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) a Parasitoid of Sitobion avenae (Hemiptera: Aphididae) on Wheat

Table 2

Mean ± SE (minimum-maximum) estimates of handling time (𝑇_ℎ), searching efficiency (𝑎), and maximum rate of parasitism (𝑇/𝑇_ℎ) of Praon volucre on Sitobion avenae.

Parameters	Temperatures (°C)
	10	15	20	25	30
Handling time (𝑇ℎ)	1.95 ± 0.34 (1.25–2.65)	1.78 ± 0.21 (1.34–2.22)	1.06 ± 0.09 (0.86–1.25)	1.02 ± 0.11 (0.79–1.26)	5.31 ± 0.82 (3.65–6.96)
Searching efficiency (a)	0.02 ± 0.001 (0.01–0.04)	0.05 ± 0.001 (0.02–0.08)	0.05 ± 0.001 (0.03–0.06)	0.03 ± 0.001 (0.02–0.05)	0.01 ± 0.001 (0.00–0.02)
Maximum rate of parasitism (𝑇/𝑇ℎ)	12.30	13.48	22.64	23.52	4.51
Coefficient of determination (𝑟^2)	0.79	0.84	0.94	0.93	0.75