Division of Labor in Pachycondyla striata Fr. Smith, 1858 (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Ponerinae)

Table 2

Behavioral catalog of Pachycondyla striata.

Category and behavioral acts	Queens	Workers	Winged females	Males
(A) Feeding
01-Feeding on prey	0.0355	0.0700	0.0128
02-Intake of liquids	0.0264	0.0587	0.0171	0.0116
44-Cannibalism	0.0030	0.0020	0.0059
(B) Communication
03-Antennate workers	0.0755	0.0549	0.0128	0.0516
04-Antennate queens	0.0345	0.0052
(C) Brood care
05-Antennate egg	0.0218	0.0129
06-Antennate larvae	0.0010	0.003
07-Antennate pupae		0.004
08-Standing on eggs		0.0006
09-Standing on larvae	0.0010	0.0014
10-Standing on pupae		0.0009		0.0058
11-Handling eggs	0.0127	0.0045
12-Handling larvae		0.0063	0.0043
13-Handling pupae		0.0015
15-Feeding larvae		0.0058
16-Cleaning larvae		0.0085	0.0043
18-Carrying eggs	0.0063	0.0126	0.0086
19-Carrying pupae		0.0071
20-Carrying larvae		0.0031
22-Standing and holding an egg	0.0045	0.0061
23-Standing and holding a pupa		0.0012
24-Egg laying	0.0045	0.0004
(D) Sexuate care
14-Handling winged females		0.0003
17-Cleaning males		0.0059
21-Carrying males		0.0006
(E) Defense
25-Guarding the nest entrance	0.0110	0.0310	0.0210
(F) Exploring and foraging
26-Capturing prey	0.0118	0.0582
27-Walking in the foraging arena	0.0427	0.0478	0.1070	0.0580
28-Tanden running	0.0010	0.0047	0.0043
(G) Grooming
29-Self-grooming their antennae	0.1164	0.082	0.059	0.0860
30-Self-grooming their 1st pair of legs	0.0582	0.03	0.0043	0.0660
31-Self-grooming their antennae and 1st pair of legs	0.0282	0.0252	0.0259	0.0233
32-Self-grooming their 2nd and 3rd pairs of legs	0.0591	0.0722	0.0212	0.0290
33-Self-grooming their anus	0.0054	0.0200		0.0260
34-Social grooming	0.0363	0.0062	0.0530
(H) Inactivity
38-Inactivity in the nest	0.3700	0.0323	0.4369	0.5000
39-Inactivity in the foraging arena	0.0219	0.0163	0.0350	0.0630
(I) Dominance
35-Antennal boxing	0.0218	0.0405	0.0027
36-Blocking	0.0054	0.0005
37-Immobilization	0.0010	0.0081		0.0160
(J) Nest maintenance
40-Carrying a dead ant	0.0010	0.1512
41-Handling a dead ant		0.133
42-Carrying garbage	0.0010	0.0103
43-Handling garbage	0.0010	0.0085
45-Exploring the plaster nest	0.0700	0.0160	0.1639	0.0643
46-Digging in the plaster nest		0.0080
Total frequency	1	1	1	1
Total categories	9	10	9	8
Total behavioral acts	31	46	19	13