Nematode Parasites and Associates of Ants: Past and Present

Table 5

(1)	Nematodes represented as dauer or postdauer juveniles in the pharyngeal glands of ants	Rhabditidae, Diplogastridae and Panagrolaimidae
	Nematodes developing in the body cavity of ants	(2)
(2)	Only juvenile nematodes present	(3)
	Adult nematodes with or without juveniles	(4)
(3)	Elongate nematodes normally over 15 mm in length at completion of development; not enclosed in membranous capsules	Mermithidae
	Nematodes under 10 mm in length; enclosed in membranous capsules	Physalopteridae
(4)	Nematodes reproducing in dead ants; infective juveniles produced	(5)
	Nematode adults, eggs and/or juveniles in living ants; infective juveniles absent	(6)
(5)	Males with a bursa; females with a pointed tail	Heterorhabditidae
	Males without a bursa; females with a bluntly rounded tail, often bearing a small point at tip	Steinernematidae
(6)	Eggs and juveniles present	Allantonematidae
	Eggs, but no juveniles present	(7)
(7)	Vulva positioned at middle or lower half of body	Tetradonematidae
	Vulva positioned in upper fourth of body	Seuratidae