Botanicals as Grain Protectants

Table 1

List of plant species reported to show insecticidal activity.

Plant species	Family	Plant part	References
Acorus calamus	Acoraceae	O, RO	[27]
Allium sativum	Alliaceae	P	[28]
Annona squamosa	Annonaceae	L	[29]
Aphanamixis polystachya	Meliaceae	SC, SE	[25]
Azadirachta indica	Meliaceae	O, SP, LP	[30]
Baccharis salicifolia	Asteraceae	O	[31]
Bassia longifolia	Sapotaceae	E	[5]
Brassica spp.	Cruciferae	L, ZE	[32]
Cajanus cajan	Fabaceae	O	[33]
Calophyllum inophyllum	Clusiaceae	O	[34]
Calotropis procera	Apocynaceae	LP	[35]
Carum carvi	Apiaceae	FE	[36]
Cinnamomum aromaticum	Lauraceae	B	[37]
Citrus	Rutaceae	O	[38]
Curcuma longa	Zingiberaceae	P	[39]
Chenopodium ambrosioides	Amaranthaceae	FE, O	[40]
Cocos nucifera	Arecaceae	O	[25]
Convolvulus arvensis	Convolvulaceae	LE	[41]
Conyza dio scoridis	Asteraceae	ZE	[41]
Coriandrum sativum	Apiaceae	SE, O	[42]
Datura alba	Solanaceae	LP	[43]
Decalepis hamiltonii	Asclepiadaceae	XP	[7]
Eichhornia crassipes	Pontederiaceae	LE	[44]
Elae is guineensis	Arecaceae	O	[45]
Elae is guineensis	Palmaceae	O	[46]
Embelia ribes	Myrsinaceae	FE, O	[47]
Eucalyptus globules	Myrtaceae	LP, M	[48]
Foeniculum vulgare	Apiaceae	FE	[49]
Glycine max	Fabaceae	O	[50]
Jatropha gossypifolia	Euphorbiaceae	SE	[51]
Juniperus vi rginiana	Cupressaceae	O	[52]
Lantana camara	Verbenaceae	TE	[45]
Lonchocarpus spp.	Leguminosae	O	[53]
Lupinus albus	Fabaceae	SE	[54]
Lupinus termis	Leguminosae	SE	[54]
Melia azedarach	Meliaceae	O, E	[55]
Mentha citrate	Lamiaceae	O	[56]
Nicotiana tabacum	Solanaceae	E	[57]
Ocimum canum	Lamiaceae	LP	[58]
Ocimum kilimands charicum	Lamiaceae	O	[59]
Piper nigrum	Piperaceae	O, E	[60, 61]
Polygonum hydropiper	Polygonaceae	L	[62]
Pongamia glabra	Fabaceae	O, E	[61]
Psidium guajava	Myrtaceae	L, LP	[63]
Ryania speciosa	Flacourtiaceae	YE	[64]
Sapindus trifoliatus	Sapindaceae	SP	[65]
Schleichera trijuga	Sapindaceae	O	[66]
Sesamum orientale	Pedaliaceae	O	[5]
Sesamum indicum	Pedaliaceae	O	[67]
Syzy gium aromaticum	Myrtaceae	O	[68]
Tagetes erec ta	—	X, Y	[69]
Tanacetum cinerariaefolium	Asteraceae	O, P	[55]
Thujopsis dolabrata	Cupressaceae	E	[64]
Trigonella foenumgraecum	Fabaceae	SE	[70]
Vitex negundo	Lamiaceae	L	[71]

Note. L: leaves, B: bark, F: fruits, S: seeds, O: oil, P: powder, E: extract, M: vapour, R: Rhizome, T: plant, V: flower, X: root, and Y: stem, (Source: [5, 6]).