Bacterial Infections across the Ants: Frequency and Prevalence of Wolbachia, Spiroplasma, and Asaia

Figure 1

Phylogenetic tree of Wolbachia symbionts associated with ants and their closest relatives with sequence data available in GenBank. A maximum likelihood phylogeny of the 16S rRNA region of bacterial symbionts is shown. The host name is given together with the GenBank accession number (GenBank sequences) or collection code (sequences generated in the present study). Yellow and red branches represent bacteria isolated from ant hosts and other insect hosts, respectively. The inner circle shows ant subfamily, and the outer circle refers to the continent from which host organisms were collected. Four ant-specific clades of Wolbachia symbionts are highlighted (Ant clades 1–4). Rhizobium leguminosarum was used as an outgroup.