Preemptive Circular Defence of Immature Insects: Definition and Occurrences of Cycloalexy Revisited

Figure 3

(a) Larvae of Perga sp. (Pergidae) rest aggregated in a cycloalexic formation. Even around a stem of their host plant, Eucalyptus sp., spitfire larvae rest with their heads outwards, Black Mountain, Canberra, ACT, Australia. Photograph by Donald Hobern on 24 May 2010 (CC BY 2.0). (b) Probable cycloalexy with heads pointing outwards in caterpillars of Lonomia sp. (Saturniidae: Hemileucinae) on tree trunk in Peru. Photograph taken near Pongo de Caynarachi, Lamas, San Martin, Peru, and reproduced with the author’s permission © Marc Díaz Rengifo (Universidad Nacional Federico Villarreal, Lima, Perú).

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