Repellent Effect and Insecticidal Activities of Bridelia ferruginea, Blighia sapida, and Khaya senegalensis Leaves Powders and Extracts against Dinoderus porcellus in Infested Dried Yam Chips
Table 5
Mortality rate of D. porcellus treated by topical application with acetone, propanol, ethanol, methanol, and aqueous extracts of B. ferruginea, B. sapida, and K. senegalensis and weight loss after 21 days (mean ± SE). Mortality rate was corrected using Abbott’s formula (4).
Name of the plant
Solvent used
Concentration of extract (%)
Mortality rate (%) after different periods of exposures (days)
Weight loss (%)
2
7
14
21
B. ferruginea
Acetone
2.5
18.9 ± 3.1
51.3 ± 12.8
56.7 ± 13.2
61.9 ± 12.7
1.2 ± 0.4
5.0
16.2 ± 8.1
40.5 ± 6.9
48.6 ± 6.8
50.0 ± 5.6
3.2 ± 0.6
7.5
29.7 ± 3.1
70.2 ± 6.8
75.6 ± 9.2
76.4 ± 10.7
1.2 ± 0.0
Propanol
2.5
−5.4 ± 2.7
16.2 ± 5.1
29.7 ± 6.9
38.2 ± 7.4
1.3 ± 0.4
5.0
16.2 ± 9.2
32.4 ± 14.2
40.5 ± 10.3
38.2 ± 13.0
3.4 ± 0.4
7.5
27.0 ± 11.1
51.3 ± 6.9
62.1 ± 3.1
61.7 ± 2.9
1.8 ± 0.5
Ethanol
2.5
18.9 ± 11.2
40.5 ± 12.8
64.8 ± 9.2
64.7 ± 8.3
1.2 ± 0.5
5.0
2.7 ± 4.4
16.2 ± 2.7
29.7 ± 10.3
32.3 ± 15.4
3.2 ± 0.6
7.5
13.5 ± 11.6
27.0 ± 6.8
32.4 ± 5.1
41.1 ± 0.0
1.6 ± 0.4
Methanol
2.5
10.8 ± 8.1
27.0 ± 14.2
35.1 ± 10.8
29.4 ± 11.7
2.4 ± 0.9
5.0
10.8 ± 5.1
37.8 ± 9.2
45.3 ± 10.3
35.2 ± 11.2
3.0 ± 0.3
7.5
13.5 ± 7.6
37.8 ± 11.9
43.2 ± 9.2
41.1 ± 10.7
1.0 ± 0.3
Distilled water
2.5
2.7 ± 4.4
2.7 ± 4.4
5.4 ± 5.1
8.8 ± 2.9
3.1 ± 0.4
5.0
2.7 ± 4.4
13.5 ± 4.4
18.9 ± 9.3
14.7 ± 8.8
4.2 ± 0.7
7.5
0.0 ± 2.7
16.2 ± 5.1
18.9 ± 3.1
11.7 ± 3.3
3.9 ± 0.1
B. sapida
Acetone
2.5
13.5 ± 7.6
43.2 ± 19.4
51.3 ± 20.9
55.8 ± 18.2
1.0 ± 0.3
5.0
13.5 ± 9.8
18.9 ± 11.2
32.4 ± 11.9
29.4 ± 10.7
3.6 ± 0.5
7.5
21.6 ± 2.7
56.7 ± 8.8
70.2 ± 9.2
70.5 ± 7.5
1.6 ± 0.1
Propanol
2.5
10.8 ± 6.8
32.4 ± 11.9
40.5 ± 13.6
32.2 ± 14.8
1.3 ± 0.3
5.0
18.9 ± 9.3
27.0 ± 10.2
37.8 ± 6.8
35.2 ± 5.8
3.8 ± 0.4
7.5
32.4 ± 5.1
56.7 ± 15.9
72.9 ± 12.8
79.4 ± 10.0
2.7 ± 0.6
Ethanol
2.5
5.4 ± 2.7
21.6 ± 5.1
35.1 ± 6.2
48.6 ± 5.1
1.1 ± 0.3
5.0
8.1 ± 3.1
27.0 ± 10.2
35.1 ± 12.4
38.2 ± 13.0
3.2 ± 0.3
7.5
13.5 ± 4.4
32.4 ± 5.1
48.6 ± 5.1
52.9 ± 10.7
1.6 ± 0.3
Methanol
2.5
10.8 ± 9.2
27.0 ± 5.1
43.2 ± 10.2
44.1 ± 14.7
2.3 ± 0.7
5.0
13.5 ± 7.8
35.1 ± 11.6
43.2 ± 13.5
41.1 ± 12.7
2.6 ± 0.6
7.5
10.8 ± 11.1
51.3 ± 5.4
70.2 ± 9.2
70.5 ± 7.5
2.0 ± 0.2
Distilled water
2.5
−8.1 ± 0.0
−5.4 ± 2.7
−2.7 ± 3.1
−11.7 ± 3.3
2.2 ± 0.1
5.0
5.4 ± 8.1
18.9 ± 11.2
27.0 ± 9.2
32.3 ± 10.0
2.7 ± 0.4
7.5
16.2 ± 14.2
29.7 ± 16.2
40.5 ± 18.9
47.0 ± 20.6
1.7 ± 0.2
K. senegalensis
Acetone
2.5
67.5 ± 10.8
45.9 ± 7.6
18.9 ± 5.4
58.8 ± 14.0
1.7 ± 0.7
5.0
37.8 ± 9.2
43.2 ± 8.1
51.3 ± 6.9
55.8 ± 15.4
3.8 ± 0.2
7.5
18.9 ± 5.4
54.0 ± 8.1
64.8 ± 6.8
70.5 ± 3.3
2.1 ± 0.7
Propanol
2.5
54.0 ± 13.5
24.3 ± 13.2
29.7 ± 6.9
27.0 ± 9.2
1.9 ± 0.3
5.0
16.2 ± 6.8
37.8 ± 14.2
43.2 ± 11.9
38.2 ± 13.0
3.9 ± 0.4
7.5
21.6 ± 8.1
59.4 ± 11.9
70.2 ± 13.5
67.6 ± 14.7
1.3 ± 0.2
Ethanol
2.5
10.8 ± 2.7
32.4 ± 8.1
40.5 ± 6.9
35.2 ± 7.5
1.9 ± 0.3
5.0
18.9 ± 6.9
35.1 ± 7.6
40.5 ± 5.4
41.1 ± 4.8
4.1 ± 0.4
7.5
−2.7 ± 7.4
21.6 ± 2.7
32.4 ± 2.7
32.3 ± 5.6
2.4 ± 0.5
Methanol
2.5
10.8 ± 6.8
24.3 ± 15.9
32.4 ± 15.5
32.4 ± 18.8
1.2 ± 0.4
5.0
16.2 ± 9.2
24.3 ± 11.6
29.7 ± 11.2
26.4 ± 13.0
4.4 ± 0.4
7.5
21.6 ± 9.2
32.4 ± 5.1
51.3 ± 12.8
50.0 ± 16.8
1.1 ± 0.4
Distilled water
2.5
−5.4 ± 2.7
5.4 ± 13.5
13.5 ± 11.6
23.5 ± 5.8
3.0 ± 1.0
5.0
−2.7 ± 3.1
−2.7 ± 3.1
8.1 ± 5.4
5.8 ± 4.8
4.2 ± 0.3
7.5
10.8 ± 5.1
21.6 ± 9.2
40.5 ± 18.4
41.1 ± 22.0
2.4 ± 0.8
Control
0
7.5 ± 2.5
7.5 ± 2.5
7.5 ± 2.5
15.0 ± 6.4
4.7 ± 0.3
Means in a column followed by different letters are significantly different at α = 0.05.
