Efficacy of Aqueous Extracts from Syzygium aromaticum, Tephrosia vogelii, and Croton dichogamus against Myzus persicae on Brassica oleracea in Northern Tanzania
Table 1
Mean population of M. persicae per crop in response to treatments applied weekly.
Site and treatments
Week 1 before
Weeks after treatment
Treatment
1
2
3
4
5
Seasons
Wet season 1 (2019)
0.87 ± 0.05b
0.66 ± 0.06a
0.55 ± 0.06a
0.49 ± 0.06b
0.51 ± 0.08b
0.57 ± 0.09b
Wet season 2 (2020)
1.05 ± 0.05a
0.52 ± 0.04b
0.54 ± 0.05a
0.67 ± 0.07a
0.76 ± 0.07a
0.76 ± 0.08a
Site
Tengeru
1.15 ± 0.05a
0.62 ± 0.05a
0.55 ± 0.06a
0.58 ± 0.07a
0.68 ± 0.08a
0.74 ± 0.09a
Boro
0.76 ± 0.04b
0.55 ± 0.05a
0.54 ± 0.05a
0.57 ± 0.07a
0.59 ± 0.07a
0.59 ± 0.08b
Treatments
W
1.165 ± 0.09a
1.71 ± 0.17a
1.86 ± 0.19a
2.15 ± 0.16a
2.44 ± 0.21a
2.67 ± 0.18a
W + s
0.89 ± 0.11a
1.54 ± 0.15a
1.42 ± 0.14ab
1.93 ± 0.23a
2.21 ± 0.16a
2.76 ± 0.14a
S. p
1.08 ± 0.15a
0.14 ± 0.04f
0.18 ± 0.09fgh
0.18 ± 0.07ef
0.21 ± 0.07cde
0.18 ± 0.05ef
C. d (1%)
1.13 ± 0.15a
0.71 ± 0.08b
0.64 ± 0.12cd
0.54 ± 0.07bcd
0.60 ± 0.07b
0.54 ± 0.06bc
C. d (5%)
0.83 ± 0.13a
0.45 ± 0.04cd
0.47 ± 0.05cde
0.39 ± 0.06cde
0.39 ± 0.05bcde
0.36 ± 0.05cde
C. d (10%)
0.96 ± 0.13a
0.46 ± 0.04cd
0.40 ± 0.08cdef
0.20 ± 0.05ef
0.38 ± 0.07bcde
0.35 ± 0.05cdef
S. a (1%)
0.98 ± 0.10a
0.60 ± 0.08bc
0.56 ± 0.07cd
0.61 ± 0.07b
0.63 ± 0.12b
0.66 ± 0.09b
S. a (5%)
0.81 ± 0.11a
0.45 ± 0.06cd
0.45 ± 0.06cde
0.39 ± 0.06bcde
0.46 ± 0.10bcd
0.31 ± 0.05cdef
S. a (10%)
0.94 ± 0.12a
0.36 ± 0.04def
0.31 ± 0.06efgh
0.28 ± 0.05def
0.20 ± 0.05de
0.24 ± 0.04ef
T. (1%)
0.88 ± 0.15a
0.50 ± 0.07bcd
0.58 ± 0.06cd
0.55 ± 0.09bc
0.49 ± 0.09bc
0.48 ± 0.10bcd
T. (5%)
0.93 ± 0.16a
0.41 ± 0.07cde
0.35 ± 0.05defg
0.33 ± 0.07cdef
0.29 ± 0.06bcde
0.24 ± 0.05ef
T. (10%)
1.04 ± 0.16a
0.29 ± 0.04def
0.15 ± 0.02fg
0.16 ± 0.03ef
0.16 ± 0.04f
0.17 ± 0.04ef
M. p. (2.5%)
0.88 ± 0.12a
0.38 ± 0.08cde
0.20 ± 0.03fgh
0.30 ± 0.07cdef
0.26 ± 0.07cde
0.25 ± 0.07def
M. p. (5%)
0.96 ± 0.10a
0.20 ± 0.04ef
0.10 ± 0.03h
0.12 ± 0.03f
0.14 ± 0.04f
0.13 ± 0.04f
3-way ANOVA
(F-statistics)
Season (S)
8.40
10.86
0.03 ns
15.59
26.84
24.98
Site (L)
36.90
3.15 ns
0.00 ns
0.06 ns
3.33 ns
15.91
Treatments (T)
0.77 ns
34.63
37.92
54.88
64.37
146.59
S L
0.07 ns
4.83
14.93
4.77
9.39
7.82
S T
0.31 ns
2.46
1.32 ns
1.61 ns
1.42 ns
1.98 ns
L T
0.66 ns
0.34 ns
0.74 ns
0.89 ns
0.74 ns
1.01 ns
S L T
0.86 ns
0.90 ns
2.67
2.37 ns
0.79 ns
1.76 ns
Each value is a mean ± standard error of sixteen replicates, ,, and : significant at ,, and , respectively, and ns means not significant. Means within the same column followed by the same letter (s) are not significantly different at from each other using Fisher’s Least significant Difference (LSD) test.
