Working Memory Training in Patients with Chronic Schizophrenia: A Pilot Study

Table 3

Means and standard deviations of 𝑧 values for intervention group and control group and effect sizes and results of the comparison (Mann-Whitney 𝑈 Test) of 𝑧 value differences of pre- and posttests between the two groups.

Patient group with training (𝑛=15)

Patient group without training (𝑛=14)

Neuropsychological assessment

Baseline

After 4 weeks

Baseline

After 4 weeks

𝑑

𝑧

𝑃

𝑀

SD

𝑀

SD

𝑀

SD

𝑀

SD

Short term memory

verbal^a

−1.32

0.95

−1.35

0.79

−0.71

0.87

−0.59

1.04

0.19

−0.71

.50

visual^b

−1.02

0.96

−0.05

1.17

−0.95

1.13

−0.30

1.72

0.21

−0.04

.98

Working memory

verbal^c

−1.18

1.17

−0.42

1.31

−0.89

0.91

−1.09

0.77

1.04

−2.37

.02

visual^d

−0.76

1.11

−0.51

1.18

−1.50

1.25

−1.39

1.60

0.11

−0.49

.65

aDigit span forward, ^bCorsi blocks forward, ^cDigit span backward, ^dCorsi blocks backward.