Comparing Adult Males and Females in the United States to Examine the Association between Body Mass Index and Frequent Mental Distress: An Analysis of Data from BRFSS 2011

Table 2

Relationship of demographic characteristics with FMD among adults in the United States, BRFSS 2011.

Variable	Categories	Number of respondents^a	%^c	FMD
				Number of respondents	%^d	Unadjusted OR	95% CI
Age category^b (years)	18–24	22769	12.95	2788	12.24	1
	25–34	48997	17.74	5920	12.08	1.10	1.01–1.21*
	35–44	64603	17.63	7827	12.12	1.13	1.04–1.24**
	45–54	90745	18.88	12461	13.73	1.23	1.13–1.34***
	55–64	113460	15.43	13837	12.2	1.10	1.01–1.19*
	≥65	156128	17.37	10882	6.97	0.61	0.56–0.67***
Gender^b	Males	195315	48.76	17463	8.94	1
	Females	301387	51.24	36252	12.03	1.39	1.34–1.44***
Race and ethnicity^b	Non-Hispanic White	389117	66.58	39492	10.15	1
	Black non-Hispanics	40073	11.18	5393	13.46	1.27	1.19–1.35***
	Asian non-Hispanic	9329	3.93	500	5.36	0.50	0.42–0.60***
	American Indian/Alaska Native non-Hispanic	6899	1.07	1152	16.70	1.72	1.51–1.96***
	Hispanic	37839	15.08	4867	12.86	1.10	1.04–1.17**
	Other race non-Hispanic	13445	2.16	2311	17.19	1.72	1.54–1.91***
Education^b	Did not graduate from high school	44407	15.09	7953	17.91	1
	Graduated from high school	146050	29.21	18043	12.35	0.62	0.58–0.66***
	Attended college or technical school	133821	30.12	15918	11.89	0.58	0.55–0.62***
	Graduated from college or technical school	170627	25.59	11601	6.80	0.31	0.29–0.33***
Employment status^b	Employed for wages	204714	47.54	16393	8.01	1
	Self-employed	39681	7.85	2958	7.45	1.01	0.93–1.10
	Out of work for >1 year	16683	4.77	3771	22.60	3.20	2.94–3.49***
	Out of work for <1 year	13709	4.36	2611	19.05	2.66	2.41–2.93***
	Homemaker	34526	6.94	3333	9.65	1.31	1.21–1.42***
	Student	11299	5.88	1393	12.33	1.32	1.18–1.48***
	Retired	138696	16.28	9369	6.76	0.84	0.79–0.89***
	Unable to work	34986	6.37	13590	38.84	7.31	6.89–7.75***
Annual income ($)	<15000	53554	13.51	12973	24.22	1
	15000 to less than 25000	77697	18.67	11639	14.98	0.59	0.56–0.63***
	25000 to less than 35000	50913	11.47	5486	10.78	0.43	0.40–0.47***
	35000 to less than 50000	63685	13.92	5595	8.79	0.34	0.32–0.36***
	50000 or more	180314	42.43	10863	6.02	0.23	0.22–0.25***
Marital status	Currently married	264399	50.44	21435	8.11	1
	Divorced	69630	10.27	11431	16.42	2.13	2.02–2.25***
	Widowed	67348	6.83	6643	9.86	1.31	1.23–1.40***
	Separated	10763	2.55	2699	25.08	3.40	3.10–3.72***
	Never married	69400	24.77	9423	13.58	1.56	1.48–1.65***
	A member of an unmarried couple	12672	5.13	1784	14.08	1.65	1.49–1.83***

CI: confidence interval; FMD: frequent mental distress; OR: odds ratio. ^∗𝑃<0.05; ^∗∗𝑃<0.01; ^∗∗∗𝑃<0.0001.
aThe total number of respondents for the variables differs because of unequal number of missing values.
bThe number of respondents within each category differs from that in Table 1, because all individuals with missing responses for the sociodemographic variable and FMD are excluded.
cWeighted percentage of respondents in each category out of the total number of respondents for that characteristic.
dPercentage with FMD among respondents within each category.