The Effect of Family Factors on Intense Alcohol Use among European Adolescents: A Multilevel Analysis

Table 7

The results of multilevel analysis concerning negative life events (𝑛 individuals: 52386; 𝑛 schools: 1344; 𝑛 countries: 25).

	Model 0: empty model	Model 1: control variables	Model 2: negative life events	Model 3: negative; life events; random slope	Model 4: country cluster	Model 5: negative life events × country cluster
Fixed	exp(𝐵) (S.E.)	exp(𝐵) (S.E.)	exp(𝐵) (S.E.)	exp(𝐵) (S.E.)	exp(𝐵) (S.E.)	exp(𝐵) (S.E.)
Intercept	.16 (.02)***	.10 (.01)***	.10 (.01)***	.10 (.01)***	.11 (.02)***	.09 (.02)***
Grade 8 (ref. grade 7)		.91 (.03)***	.90 (.03)***	.90 (.03)***	.90 (.03)***	.90 (.07)***
Grade 9 (ref. grade 7)		1.09 (.04)**	1.07 (.04)*	1.07 (.04)*	1.07 (.04)	1.07 (.03)
Male (ref. female)		1.42 (.04)***	1.48 (.04)***	1.48 (.04)***	1.48 (.04)***	1.48 (.03)***
Native (ref. migrant)		1.36 (.05)***	1.38 (.05)***	1.38 (.05)***	1.38 (.05)***	1.38 (.04)***
Negative life events			1.25 (.02)***	1.25 (.02)***	1.26 (.02)***	1.39 (.04)***
Western Europe (ref.; Northern Europe, NE)					1.33 (.32)	1.55 (.27)
Mediterranean countries (ref. NE)					.63 (.18)	.89 (.32)
Postsocialist countries (ref. NE)					.67 (.16)	1.06 (.25)
Negative life events ×; Western Europe (ref. NE)						.93 (.01)*
Negative life events ×; Mediterranean countries (ref. NE)						.86 (.01)***
Negative life events × Postsocialist; countries (ref. NE)						.82 (.01)***
Random
Var. school	.273	.254	.251	.251	.251	.251
Var. country	.248	.242	.220	.221	.210	.179
Var. negative life events				.004	.004	.001
Cor. negative life events, intercept				.128	−.637	−1.000
LR test	𝜒^2(2) = 1833***	𝜒^2(4) = 305***	𝜒^2(1) = 358***	𝜒^2(2) = 11**	𝜒^2(3) = 5.9 ns	𝜒^2(6) = 34.2***

*** 𝑃<.001; **𝑃<.01; *𝑃<.05. Models 4 and 5 are compared to Model 3.