Screening for Depressive Symptoms among Patients Attending Specialist Medical Outpatient Clinics in a Tertiary Hospital in Southern Nigeria

Table 3

Association of study variables with depression.

Variable	Depression status			p-value
	Normal 81	Depressed 119
	n ()	n ()
Gender
(i) Male	36 (44.4)	60 (50.4)	0.690	0.406
(ii) Female	59 (55.6)	59 (49.6)	0.690	0.406
Age
(i) ≤60 years	58 (71.6)	51 (42.9)	16.062	<0.001
(ii) >60 years	23 (28.4)	68 (57.1)
Positive history of hypertension in first degree relative	36 (44.4)	80 (67.2)	10.269	0.001
Family history of CVD in first degree relative	25 (30.8)	61 (57.3)	8.180	0.004
Family history of diabetes in first degree relative	45 (55.6)	75 (63.0)	1.120	0.290
Family history of Asthma	0 (0.0)	1 (0.8)	0.684	0.408
Family history of cancer	0 (0.0)	1 (0.8)	0.684	0.408
Current smoker	8 (9.9)	12 (10.1)	0.002	0.962
Consumes Alcohol	31 (38.3)	39 (32.8)	0.640	0.424
Engages in physical activity less than recommendation	73 (90.1)	107 (89.9)	0.002	0.962
Inadequate Dietary fiber consumption	25 (30.9)	31 (26.1)	0.554	0.457
Diagnosed with diabetes	50 (61.7)	71 (59.7)	0.086	0.769
(i) FBG mean (SD)	9.36±3.88	9.69±5.28	0.375^#	0.708
(ii) FBG <7 mmol/l	16 (35.6)	29 (64.6)	0.703	0.420
(iii) FBG ≥7 mmol/l	35 (46.1)	41 (53.9)
Diagnosed with hypertension	35 (43.2)	56 (47.1)	0.288	0.592
(i) SBP mean (SD)	129.8(20.82)	134.2(22.04)	1.389^#	0.166
(ii) DBP mean (SD)	81.09 (14.73)	82.04 (11.35)	0.517^#	0.605
Significant subjective psychological stress	51 (63.0)	99 (83.2)	10.520	0.001
BMI category
(i) Underweight/Normal	27 (33.3)	51 (42.9)	1.838	0.175
(ii) Overweight/Obese	54 (66.7)	68 (57.1)