Prevalence of Depression and Associated Factors among Diabetic Patients in an Outpatient Diabetes Clinic

Table 2

Association between depression and clinical/sociodemographic characteristics.

Variable	No – Minimal Depression ()	Mild – Moderate Depression ()	Total	p-value
	(n = 246)	(n = 107)	(N = 353)
Age group (years)
Less than 20	30 (66.7)	15 (33.3)	45
21 to 40	35 (66.0)	18 (34.0)	53
41 to 60	109 (69.9)	47 (30.1)	156
61 and above	72 (72.7)	27 (27.3)	99	0.810
Sex
Male	88 (71.0)	36 (29.0)	124
Female	158 (69.0)	71 (31.0)	226	0.700
Marital Status
Single	48 (67.6)	23 (32.4)	71
Married	157 (70.7)	65 (29.3)	222
Divorced	6 (54.5)	5 (45.5)	11
Widow	35 (71.4)	14 (28.6)	49	0.677
Education Level
No formal education	28 (60.9)	18 (39.1)	46
Primary School	123 (70.7)	51 (29.3)	174
Secondary School	64 (71.1)	26 (28.9)	90
College/University	31 (72.1)	12 (27.9)	43	0.577
Occupation
Employed	99 (74.4)	34 (25.6)	133
Unemployed	96 (63.2)	56 (36.8)	152
Retired	51 (75.0)	17 (25.0)	68	0.067
Current Alcohol Intake
Yes	14 (77.8)	4 (22.2)	18
No	232 (69.3)	103 (30.7)	335	0.601
Current Cigarette Smoking
Yes	2 (28.6)	5 (71.4)	7
No	244 (70.5)	102 (29.5)	346	0.029
Type of DM
Type 1	46 (63.9)	26 (36.1)	72
Type 2	200 (71.2)	81 (28.8)	281	0.251
Duration since DM (years)
1 – 10 years	160 (70.8)	66 (29.2)	226
> 10 years	86 (67.7)	41 (32.3)	127	0.549
On Insulin Therapy
Yes	96 (63.2)	56 (36.8)	152
No	150 (74.6)	51 (25.4)	201	0.026
On OHA Therapy
Yes	175 (68.9)	79 (31.1)	254
No	71 (71.7)	28 (28.3)	99	0.699
Body Mass Index (BMI)
Underweight	13 (56.5)	10 (43.5)	23
Normal	99 (68.3)	46 (31.7)	145
Overweight	72 (68.6)	33 (31.4)	105
Obese	62 (77.5)	18 (22.5)	80	0.222
Hypertension	120 (72.3)	46 (27.7)	166	0.354