Blood Lactate AUC Is a Sensitive Test for Evaluating the Effect of Exercise Training on Functional Work Capacity in Patients with Chronic Heart Failure
Table 1
Baseline characteristics.
Recommended regular exercise n = 8
Moderate continuous training n = 9
Aerobic interval training n = 6
Male/female
8/0
8/1
6/0
Age, mean (±SD)
65.1 ± 10.8
64.1 ± 5.2
66 ± 11.6
BMI, mean (±SD)
26.5 ± 3.4
26.8 ± 2.1
28.1 ± 5.1
Heart failure parameters
IHD/DCM
6/2
6/3
4/2
NYHA class II/III
5/3
9/0
4/2
LV EF, % (±SD)
25.8 ± 5.2
26.0 ± 4.9
27,8 ± 5.4
LV EDD, mm (±SD)
63 ± 5
59 ± 7.2
64 ± 13.6
ICD/CRT
1/3
1/2
0/2
Comorbidities
Smoking ex/current
2/1
4/1
3/3
COPD
0
0
1
Diabetes type I/II
1/0
0/0
0/2
History of hypertension
1
4
2
AF, paroxysmal/persistent
2/0
3/2
1/1
Medication
Beta blockers (%)
8 (100.0)
8 (88.9)
5 (83.3)
ACE inhibitor (%)
5 (62.5)
3 (33.3)
5 (83.3)
ARB (%)
3 (37.5)
6 (66.7)
1 (16.7)
Aldosterone antagonist (%)
3 (37.5)
7 (77.8)
5 (83.3)
Diuretics (%)
3 (37.5)
6 (66.7)
4 (66.7)
Acetylsalicylic acid (%)
6 (75.0)
6 (66.7)
4 (66.7)
Clopidogrel (%)
0 (0.0)
1 (11.1)
2 (33.3)
Warfarin (%)
2 (25.0)
3 (33.3)
1 (16.7)
Statins (%)
7 (87.5)
7 (77.8)
5 (83.3)
No statistically significant differences between groups in any baseline characteristic. Numbers are frequencies unless otherwise stated. SD: standard deviation, BMI: body mass index, IHD: ischemic heart disease, DCM: dilated cardiomyopathy, NYHA: New York Heart Association, LV: left ventricular, EF: ejection fraction, EDD: end diastolic diameter, ICD: Implantable cardioverter defibrillator, CRT: cardiac resynchronisation therapy, COPD: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, AF: atrial fibrillation, ARB: angiotensin receptor blocker.