Ultrasound Assessment of Carotid Intima-Media Thickness: Comparison between Diabetes and Nondiabetes Subjects, and Correlation with Serum Vitamin D

Table 3

Comparison between mean and average CIMT among both diabetic and nondiabetic groups in correlation to serum vitamin D, age, BMI, and sex.

Variables		Nondiabetic			Diabetic
		Mean ± SD in mm
		Mean Rt	Mean Lt	Average	Mean Rt	Mean Lt	Average
Serum vitamin D	Normal	0.75 ± 0.26	0.76 ± 0.24	0.75 ± 0.24	1.11 ± 0.32	1.07 ± 0.31	1.09 ± 0.28
	Low	0.72 ± 0.25	0.73 ± 0.24	0.73 ± 0.23	1.0 ± 0.23	1.07 ± 0.29	1.04 ± 0.22
	value	0.390	0.775	0.429	0.65	0.861	0.116
Age group	≤44	0.61 ± 0.13	0.63 ± 0.13	0.62 ± 0.12	0.77 ± 0.09	0.85 ± 0.08	0.81 ± 0.08
	45–60	0.86 ± 0.24	0.84 ± 0.23	0.85 ± 0.23	1.05 ± 0.25	1.00 ± 0.23	1.02 ± 0.20
	61–75	1.08 ± 0.33	1.09 ± 0.31	1.08 ± 0.27	1.13 ± 0.33	1.21 ± 0.37	1.17 ± 0.31
	≥76	1.13 ± 0.24	1.17 ± 0.26	1.15 ± 0.18	1.46 ± 0.18	1.46 ± 0.04	1.46 ± 0.07
	value	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	0.026	0.004	0.003
BMI	Under wt	0.98 ± 0.39	0.84 ± 0.47	0.91 ± 0.41	1.12 ± 0.43	1.02 ± 0.19	1.07 ± 0.26
	Normal	0.71 ± 0.31	0.71 ± 0.26	0.71 ± 0.28	1.08 ± 0.26	1.10 ± 0.35	1.09 ± 0.27
	Over wt	0.67 ± 0.19	0.71 ± 0.20	0.69 ± 0.18	1.00 ± 0.22	1.04 ± 0.29	1.02 ± 0.24
	Obese	0.79 ± 0.22	0.79 ± 0.24	0.79 ± 0.21	1.04 ± 0.25	1.08 ± 0.33	1.06 ± 0.25
	value	0.038	0.287	0.100	0.712	0.844	0.876
Sex	Male	0.72 ± 0.25	0.76 ± 0.27	0.74 ± 0.24	1.07 ± 0.29	1.10 ± 0.36	1.09 ± 0.31
	Female	0.75 ± 0.26	0.71 ± 0.20	0.73 ± 0.22	1.06 ± 0.29	1.05 ± 0.26	1.06 ± 0.22
	value	0.605	0.063	0.571	0.928	0.123	0.136