Ultrasound Assessment of Carotid Intima-Media Thickness: Comparison between Diabetes and Nondiabetes Subjects, and Correlation with Serum Vitamin D

Table 4

Unadjusted odds ratios of (CIMT) with diabetes, vitamin D status, sex, activity status, BMI, age, and smoking.

Variables	Subgroups	OR (95% CI)	value
Diabetic	No	1	0.001
	Yes	5.40 (2.73–10.64)
Vitamin D	Normal	1	0.102
	Low	1.70 (0.90–3.21)
Sex	Female	1	0.001
	Male	1.567 (0.82–2.95)
Physical activity	Active	1	0.002
	Nonactive	1.66 (0.87–3.14)
BMI	Obese	1	0.001
	Over weight	2.08 (0.77–5.63)
	Normal	0.63 (0.28–1.40)
	Under weight	0.30 (0.10–0.88)
Age group	≤44	1	0.001
	45–60	1.44 (0.23–8.75)
	61–75	5.21 (0.19–27.47)
	≥76	6.57 (1.58–9.32)
Smoking	Yes	1	0.001
	No	0.27(0.21–1.12)