Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors in Cell Pluripotency, Differentiation, and Reprogramming

Table 1

Functions of HDAC inhibitors in stem cell self-renewal or differentiation and somatic cell reprogramming to pluripotency.

Name	Chemical structure	Self-renewal	Differentiation	Reprogramming	References
Apicidin		—	—	+	[67]
m-Carboxycinnamic acid bishydroxamide (CBHA)		—	—	+	[68]
Chlamydocin		↑ HSCs			[69]
Entinostat (MS-275)		—	↑ Neuronal; ↓ Oligodentrocytic	+	[70]; [67]
M344		—	↑ Neuronal; ↓ Oligodendrocyte	—	[70]
Oxamflatin		—	—	+	[71]
Scriptaid		—	—	+	[72]
Sodium butyrate (NaBu)		↑ hESC; ↑ mESC	↓ Adipogenic, chondrogenic neurogenic; ↑ Osteogenic; ↑ Ductal; ↑ Pancreatic and hepatic	+	[52]; [52] [73]; [73]; [74]; [60–62] [67, 75, 76]
Suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA)		—	↑ Neuronal; ↓ Oligodendrocyte		[70]
				+	[71]
Trichostatin A (TSA)		↑ mESC; ↑ ECCs (P19); ↑ Neurosphere cells			[51]; [54]; [55]
			↑ ESCs; ↑ NSCs; Ductal; Cardiomyocytic; ↑ ECCs (F9); ↑ Myocardial		[49, 50]; [77]; [74]; [78]; [54]; [58]
				+	[67, 79–81]
Valproic acid (VPA)		↑ ECCs (P19)			[54]
			↓ Adipogenic, chondrogenic neurogenic; ↑ Osteogenic; ↑ Ductal; ↑ ECCs (F9); ↓ Astrocyte, oligodendrocyte; ↑ Neuronal		[73]; [73]; [74]; [54]; [65]; [63, 66, 82]
				+	[81, 83]

Embryonic Stem Cells (ESCs), embryonic carcinoma Cells (ECCs), hemopoietic stem cells (HSCs), and neural stem cells (NSCs).