The two strategies of stem cell application in regenerative medicine. Stem cells are either isolated from the patient (autologous transplantation) or from other donors (allogenous transplantation). The cells are expanded in vitro and either applied directly to the patient to substitute lost cells (“cell therapy”), or seeded into 3 dimensional scaffolds (“Tissue engineering”) and differentiated into the demanded cell type. The composed artificial tissue construct is subsequently implanted into patients’ tissue defect.
