Hydrogels and Cell Based Therapies in Spinal Cord Injury Regeneration

Table 1

Therapeutic potential of combinatorial approaches based on cell therapy and biomaterials for SCI treatment.

Cells	Biomaterial	In vitro improvements	In vivo		References
			Functional improvements	Histological improvements
NSCs	PLA	✓	—	—	[225]
	PLGA	—	✓	✓	[226, 227]
	Alginate	—	✓	✓	[229]
	Fibrin	✓	✓	✓	[230, 231]
	Chitosan	✓	✓	✗	[232, 233]
	Gellan-gum	✓	—	—	[130]
NSCs plus ECs	PLGA-PEG/PLL	—	✗	✓	[228]
NSCs plus OECs	Gellan-gum/GRGDS	✓	—	—	[130]
MSCs	PLGA/SIS	—	✓	✓	[234]
	HEMA, HPMA, and HPMA copolymers	—	✓	✓	[235, 236, 238]
	Agarose	—	✗	✓	[121, 150]
	Alginate	✓	—	—	[239]
	Alginate/fibronectin	✓	—	—	[239]
	Matrigel	✓	—	—	[239]
	Fibrin	—	✓	✓	[240]
	Gellan-gum/GRGDS	✓	—	—	[190]
OECs	SAP-IKVAV	✓	—	—	[243]
	PHB-b-DEG	✓	—	—	[244]
	Alginate	✗	—	—	[239]
	Alginate/fibronectin	✓	—	—	[239]
	Matrigel	✓	—	—	[239]
OECs plus MSCs	Serum-derived albumin	—	✓	✓	[245]
SCs	PHB	✗	✗	✓	[249]
	PAN/PVC	—	✗	✓	[129]
	Alginate	✓	—	—	[239]
	Laminin/collagen	—	✓	✓	[247]
SCs plus OECs	PAN/PVC plus chABC delivery	—	✓	✓	[250]
	PLLA-PLLA oligomers	—	✗	✓	[251]
BM-MSC-SCs	Matrigel	✓	✓	✓	[246, 252]

✓: improvements observed; ✗: no improvements observed; —: not studied.