Metaboloepigenetic Regulation of Pluripotent Stem Cells

Table 1

Summary of metabolites linked with epigenetic modifications in pluripotent stem cells.

Metabolite	Epigenetic intermediate	Metabolic pathway	Epigenetic target	References
Threonine	SAM (via glycine)	Folate/SAM cycles	H3K4me3	[60–62]
	Acetyl-CoA
Methionine	SAM	SAM cycle	H3K4me3	[64]
Glutamine	αKG	TCA	H3K9me3	[65]
			H3K27me3
			H3K26m3
			H4K20me3
L-Proline	TBD	TBD	MRT	[74]
			H3K9me
			H3K36me
Glucose	Acetyl-CoA	(glycolysis-derived)	H3K9/K27ac	[76]
	(from citrate)	Pyruvate oxidation
TBD	TBD	O-GlcNAc	me/TETs	[83]
TBD	NAD^+	TBD	ac/sirtuins	—