Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells: Development in the Ophthalmologic Field

Figure 3

Schematic illustration of photoreceptor (rod and cone) or RGC production from ESCs or iPSCs. Pax6, paired box protein Pax-6; Sox2, SRY- (sex determining region Y-) box 2; Ikaros, Ikaros transcription factor; Otx2, orthodenticle homeobox 2; CRX, cone-rod homeobox; NRL, neural retina leucine zipper gene; PNR, photoreceptor cell-specific nuclear receptor; Hes1, hes family BHLH transcription factor 1; SHH, sonic hedgehog; DII, the drosophila distal-less; VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor; Atoh7, atonal BHLH transcription factor 7; Pou4f2, POU domain, class 4, transcription factor 2.