Repair Injured Heart by Regulating Cardiac Regenerative Signals

Table 2

Cardiogenic transcription factor.

Cardiogenic transcription factor	Functional domain	Upstream signal	Direct target (gene)	Cardiac phenotype
				Knockout	Knock-in
TBX20	T-box (β-sheet structure)	BMP/Smad	Ion channels,; cytoskeletal proteins; myofibrillar proteins [75]	Ventricular dilation,; long QRS wave,; heart arrest [75],	Heart performance↑,; CM proliferation↑ [76],
GATA4	Zinc fingers (type IV)	PKG-1α [77]	Cyclin-dependent kinases [78]; FGF16 [79]	embryonic lethality [78],; severe cardiac dysfunction [80]	heart function↑,; cardiomyocyte replication↑,; heart regeneration↑ [79]
NF-κB	Rel homology domain (RHD)	N/A	Cardiac hypertrophic genes ANF, β-MHC↑ [81],; GATA4 [82]	Zebrafish heart regeneration↓ [82]	N/A

↑: increase or intensify; ↓: decrease.