Comparison of Stemness and Gene Expression between Gingiva and Dental Follicles in Children

Table 2

Representative genes differentially expressed with higher expression levels in the gingiva than in dental follicles (absolute fold change > 4.0).

Functional category	Gene symbol	Biological process	Accession number	Absolute fold change	Standard deviation
Metabolism and catabolism	LIPK	Lipid catabolic process	NM_001080518	90.99	11.87
	FMO2	Organic acid metabolic process	NM_001460	34.26	7.05
	ARG1	Arginine catabolic process	NM_000045	18.91	5.06
	LIPN	Lipid catabolic process	NM_001080518	13.27	4.19
Protein modification and maintenance	KLK7	Proteolysis	NM_139277	30.47	6.52
	KLK10	Proteolysis	NM_002776	28.97	6.34
	KLK6	Protein autoprocessing	NM_002774	25.58	6.10
	TGM1	Protein modification process	NM_000359	22.21	5.48
	OCLN	Protein complex assembly	NM_002538	12.48	4.48
Structural process	SPRR2A	Keratinization	NM_005988	207.84	18.61
	KRT1	Keratinization	NM_006121	146.08	15.41
	CNFN	Keratinization	NM_032488	74.92	10.64
	CSTA	Keratinocyte differentiation	NM_005213	69.63	10.22
	KRT4	Cytoskeleton organization	NM_002272	39.48	7.50
	KRT3	Cytoskeleton organization	NM_057088	36.71	7.23
	FLG	Keratinocyte differentiation	NM_002016	24.31	5.75
	DSP	Keratinocyte differentiation	NM_004415	17.15	5.22
Transport activity	CLCA4	Ion transport	NM_012128	48.96	8.48
	AQP3	Water transport	NM_004925	27.74	6.41
	SLC5A1	Transmembrane transport	NM_000343	19.52	5.09
	GLTP	Glycolipid transport	NM_016433	7.56	3.04
Developmental process	KRT10	Epidermis development	NM_000421	152.93	15.74
	SCEL	Epidermis development	NM_144777	134.38	14.68
	KRT6B	Ectoderm development	NM_005555	90.30	12.11
	KRT6A	Ectoderm development	NM_005554	57.61	9.64
	SPINK5	Epidermal cell differentiation	NM_001127698	55.60	9.34
	EHF	Epithelial cell differentiation	NM_012153	14.27	5.50
	SOX2	Embryonic development	NM_003106	8.67	3.34
	TUFT1	Odontogenesis	NM_020127	7.87	3.19
Physiologic process	RHCG	Regulation of pH	NM_016321	51.23	8.68
	ABCA12	Cellular homeostasis	NM_173076	39.33	7.55
	EREG	Angiogenesis	NM_001432	13.04	4.29
	NMU	Gastric acid secretion	NM_006681	12.72	4.05
	SCD	Oxidation reduction	NM_005063	4.35	2.25
Nucleic acid synthesis and modification	MACC1	Regulation of cell division	NM_182762	20.30	5.38
	ESRP1	mRNA processing	NM_017697	17.02	5.85
	HIST1H1B	Nucleosome assembly	NM_005322	6.85	2.91
Signal transduction and regulation	IL1F9	Cell-cell signaling	NM_019618	26.31	6.03
	ARAP2	Signal transduction	NM_015230	9.88	3.89
	DAPP1	Signal transduction	NM_014395	8.90	3.32
Apoptosis	MAL	Induction of apoptosis	NM_002371	49.41	8.48
	ALOX12	Antiapoptosis	NM_000697	31.70	6.69
	FAM3B	Apoptosis	NM_058186	27.28	6.16
	BNIPL	Apoptosis	NM_001159642	18.88	5.01
Cell adhesion	CLDN17	Cell-cell adhesion	NM_012131	91.67	11.90
	CRNN	Cell-cell adhesion	NM_016190	71.09	10.39
	DSC3	Homophilic cell adhesion	NM_024423	27.40	6.38
	CDSN	Cell adhesion	NM_001264	26.60	5.80
	DSG3	Cell adhesion	NM_001944	23.82	7.07
Cell cycle and transcriptional regulation	GRHL1	Regulation of transcription	NM_198182	31.32	6.62
	IRF6	Cell cycle arrest	NM_006147	13.05	4.87
	CASZ1	Regulation of transcription	NM_001079843	4.29	2.27
	E2F8	Regulation of transcription	NM_024680	4.20	2.21
Immune and inflammatory process	SERPINB4	Immune response	NM_002974	73.33	10.65
	IL1F6	Inflammatory response	NM_014440	43.13	7.87
	IL1RN	Inflammatory response	NM_173842	26.09	6.48
	IL1A	Inflammatory response	NM_000575	23.93	5.74
	CD1A	Immune response	NM_001763	4.16	2.19
Cytokine and chemokine activity	CXCL17	Chemotaxis	NM_198477	11.34	3.83
	CCL21	Chemotaxis	NM_002989	6.25	2.78
	ANLN	Cytokinesis	NM_018685	5.84	2.63
	CXCL10	Chemotaxis	NM_001565	4.29	2.37