BMP4 Cooperates with Retinoic Acid to Induce the Expression of Differentiation Markers in Cultured Mouse Spermatogonia

Figure 5

BMP4 activates Smad signalling pathway in cultured spermatogonia. (a-b) IFA analyses of spermatogonia cultured in serum-free medium using antibodies against phosphorylated Smad1, Smad5, and Smad8 in the presence of BMP4 (a) or control (b). (c-d) IFA analysis of spermatogonia cultured in 15% serum-containing medium in the presence of BMP4 (c) or control (d). (e-f) Western blotting analysis of phosphorylated (e) and total (f) Smad1/5/8 in spermatogonia under different culture conditions. (g) Relative total Smad1/5/8 level in each group in (f) after normalization to the internal control. Scale bar: 20 μm.

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