From Blood to Lesioned Brain: An In Vitro Study on Migration Mechanisms of Human Nasal Olfactory Stem Cells

Table 1

Dysregulated transcripts with a fold change above 10 in the lesioned hippocampus, in comparison with the unlesioned hippocampus, one month after the lesion.

Gene symbol	Gene/protein name	Fold change
C3	Complement component 3	162.5
Lyz1	Lysozyme 1	31.4
Mmp3	Matrix metalloproteinase 3	27.1
Ccl2	Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2	24.2
Lyz2	Lysozyme 2	23.7
Clec7a	C-type lectin domain family 7, member a	23.5
Tnfaip2	Tumor necrosis factor, alpha-induced protein 2	14.1
Tgm1	Transglutaminase 1, K polypeptide	13.4
Spp1	Secreted phosphoprotein 1	12.1
Timp1	Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1	11.9
Cxcl10	Chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 10	11.7
Bcl3	B-cell leukemia/lymphoma 3	11.7
Chi3l1	Chitinase 3-like 1	10.8

Microarray data indicate that 13 genes are overexpressed in lesioned hippocampi with a fold change above 10, one month after the lesion. All are known to be involved in immune and inflammatory processes and in tissue remodeling. Among these genes, 4 codes for cytokines with demonstrated chemotactic properties: C3, Ccl2, Spp1, and Cxcl10 (bold).