Stemness Characteristics of Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells from Donors and Multiple Sclerosis Patients: A Comparative Study

Figure 3

Osteogenic differentiation potential of hPDLSCs collected from healthy donors and MS patients. (a) Photomicrographs of hPDLSCs at P2 (A1) and P15 (B1) under standard conditions and hPDLSCs at P2 (A2) and P15 (B2) at the end of osteogenic commitment. (c) MS-hPDLSCs at P2 (C1) and P15 (D1) under standard conditions and MS-hPDLSCs at P2 (C2) and P15 (D2) at the end of osteogenic differentiation. Differentiation potential was assessed by the formation of calcium-rich hydroxyapatite detected with Alizarin Red staining. Mag: 10x. Bar: 10 μm. Osteogenic differentiation capacity was further confirmed by qRT-PCR for osteogenic markers RUNX-2 and ALP in P2 and P15 of (b) hPDLSCs ((A3) and (B3), resp.) and (d) MS-hPDLSCs ((C3) and (D3), resp.). . Data are expressed as mean ± SEM.