The Immunomodulatory Effects of Mesenchymal Stem Cell Polarization within the Tumor Microenvironment Niche

Figure 7

Interactions of MSC with the microenvironment leading to polarization. MSC polarization by different stimuli such as LPS or poly(I:C) through stimulation of either TLR4 or TLR3 receptors, respectively. Two polarized MSC phenotypes emerge from TLR stimulation, which represent a proinflammatory phenotype (MSC1, antitumorigenic) and immune-suppressive phenotype (MSC2, protumorigenic).