IGF1 and NRG1 Enhance Proliferation, Metabolic Maturity, and the Force-Frequency Response in hESC-Derived Engineered Cardiac Tissues

<div>Engineered muscle displays a force-frequency response that is sensitive to biochemical stimulation. (a) Maximum active stress at 30% stretch was measured at increasing frequencies for control, IGF1, NRG1, and IGF1 + NRG1. Data are shown normalized to active stress at 1 Hz and expressed as mean ± SEM. (b) The relationship between upstroke velocity (<i>v</i><sub>up</sub>) and percent stretch was plotted and fit with a regression line for each treatment group. Data are expressed as mean ± SEM at each length. (c) A scatterplot of <i>v</i><sub>up</sub> versus maximum active stress, <i>σ</i><sub>a,max</sub>, was plotted. <svg height="8.55521pt" id="M2" style="vertical-align:-0.2063904pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -8.34882 34.1002 8.55521" width="34.1002pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M495 86L479 114C446 82 419 66 409 66C401 66 401 72 406 97C420 166 436 231 453 297C489 435 454 448 428 448C406 448 384 439 354 422C305 394 222 327 161 247H159L183 345C200 415 194 448 173 448C143 448 82 410 23 351L38 325C64 349 95 371 105 371C111 371 116 365 109 336L25 -4L31 -12C50 -4 77 3 107 9C119 69 132 122 145 168C197 254 321 381 370 381C387 381 393 374 378 305L329 95C309 17 320 -12 345 -12C372 -12 430 19 495 86Z" id="g113-111"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,10.158,0)"><path d="M535 323V373H52V323H535ZM535 138V188H52V138H535Z" id="g117-34"></path></g><g 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d="M384 0V27C293 34 287 42 287 114V635C232 613 172 594 109 583V559L157 557C201 555 205 550 205 499V114C205 42 199 34 109 27V0H384Z" id="g113-50"></path></g></svg> versus 1 Hz of the same group (a) or slope of the line versus control (b).</div>

Stem Cells International

fig3

Figure 3

Figure 3: IGF1 and NRG1 Enhance Proliferation, Metabolic Maturity, and the Force-Frequency Response in hESC-Derived Engineered Cardiac Tissues 