IGF1 and NRG1 Enhance Proliferation, Metabolic Maturity, and the Force-Frequency Response in hESC-Derived Engineered Cardiac Tissues

Table 1

Contractile and mechanical characteristics of engineered tissues.

Group	Fold increase	Stiffness (kPa)	σa,max (mN/mm^2)	MCR (Hz)
Control	3.1 ± 0.3 (9)^†	0.685 ± 0.265 (5)	0.59 ± 0.14 (10)	2.2 ± 0.2 (9)
IGF1	3.7 ± 0.5 (10)^†	0.600 ± 0.177 (5)	0.22 ± 0.06 (10)	1.9 ± 0.4 (8)
NRG1	2.3 ± 0.2 (10)^†	0.964 ± 0.158 (6)	0.21 ± 0.01 (10)	2.8 ± 0.3 (10)
IGF1 + NRG1	1.9 ± 0.2 (10)^†	0.644 ± 0.163 (5)	0.19 ± 0.04 (10)	2.4 ± 0.27 (10)

Peak active stress (σ_a,max) and maximum capture rate (MCR) were measured at 30% stretch. ^† versus a value of 1 (no change). versus control. Data are displayed as mean ± SEM with sample size displayed in parentheses.