Research Article
Therapeutic Potential of Multilineage-Differentiating Stress-Enduring Cells for Osteochondral Repair in a Rat Model
(a) Filling of the defect relative to surface of normal adjacent cartilage |
| 4 W | 12 W | Control | Non-Muse | Muse | Control | Non-Muse | Muse |
| 2.0 ± 0.7 | 2.0 ± 0 | 1.2 ± 0.4 | 2.0 ± 0.8 | 2.2 ± 0.4 | 1.0 ± 1.1 |
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(b) Integration of repair tissue with surrounding articular cartilage |
| 4 W | 12 W | Control | Non-Muse | Muse | Control | Non-Muse | Muse |
| 3.0 ± 0 | 3.0 ± 0 | 3.0 ± 0 | 3.0 ± 0 | 3.0 ± 0 | 0 ± 0 |
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(c) Matrix staining with safranin O/fast green |
| 4 W | 12 W |
| Control | Non-Muse | Muse | Control | Non-Muse | Muse | 4.0 ± 0 | 4.0 ± 0 | 4.0 ± 0 | 4.0 ± 0 | 4.0 ± 0 | 4.0 ± 0 |
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(d) Cellular morphology (choose first between a, b, c, and d) |
| 4 W | 12 W | Control | Non-Muse | Muse | Control | Non-Muse | Muse |
| 5.0 ± 0 | 5.0 ± 0 | 5.0 ± 0 | 5.0 ± 0 | 5.0 ± 0 | 5.0 ± 0 |
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(e) Architecture within the entire defect (not including margins) |
| 4 W | 12 W | Control | Non-Muse | Muse | Control | Non-Muse | Muse |
| 2.8 ± 1.3 | 3.5 ± 1.2 | 0.2 ± 0.4 | 3.0 ± 1.1 | 1.0 ± 0 | 0 ± 0 |
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(f) Architecture of surface |
| 4 W | 12 W | Control | Non-Muse | Muse | Control | Non-Muse | Muse |
| 1.6 ± 0.9 | 2.0 ± 0.6 | 1.2 ± 0.4 | 2.8 ± 0.5 | 3.0 ± 0 | 1.0 ± 0 |
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(g) Percentage of new subchondral bone |
| 4 W | 12 W | Control | Non-Muse | Muse | Control | Non-Muse | Muse |
| 3.8 ± 0.4 | 4.0 ± 0 | 1.0 ± 0.7 | 4.0 ± 0 | 3.0 ± 0 | 0.3 ± 0.5 |
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(h) Formation of tidemark |
| 4 W | 12 W | Control | Non-Muse | Muse | Control | Non-Muse | Muse |
| 4.0 ± 0 | 4.0 ± 0 | 1.8 ± 1.1 | 4.0 ± 0 | 3.8 ± 0.4 | 0.5 ± 0.5 |
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Significantly better than control ().
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