Osteogenic Effect and Cell Signaling Activation of Extremely Low-Frequency Pulsed Electromagnetic Fields in Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells

Figure 3

Graph shows fold change of (a) alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and (b) Alizarin Red S content to the respective day 3 cultured group and to the control (without ELF-PEMF exposure) of the same culture period (e.g., 3 versus 3 days, 7 versus 7 days, and 14 versus 14 days). Mean ± SEM, donors, triplicates.

(a)

(b)