Detection, Characterization, and Clinical Application of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Periodontal Ligament Tissue

Figure 4

Schema of immunomodulatory effects of PDL-MSCs for PBMNCs. PBMNCs: peripheral blood mononuclear cells; TGF-β1: transforming growth factor-beta 1; HGF: hepatocyte growth factor; IFN-γ: interferon gamma; IDO-1: indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase-1; HLA-G: human leukocyte antigen-G.