Functionally Improved Mesenchymal Stem Cells to Better Treat Myocardial Infarction

Table 2

Gene modification in MSC transplantation for treating MI.

Gene name	Disease	Model	Modification	Gene function	Reference
Hsp27	MI	Rat	Overexpression	Viability↑; apoptosis↓	[60]
MicroRNA-133	MI	Rat	Overexpression	Survival ↑	[61]
SDF-1α	MI	Rat	Overexpression	Homing↑	[62]
CAMKK1	MI	Rat	Overexpression	Angiogenesis↑; infarct size↓; ejection fraction↑	[63]
eNOS	MI	Rat	Overexpression	Infarct size↓; angiogenesis↑	[64]
Akt1	MI	Rat	Overexpression	Cardiac function↑	[45]
PKG1α	MI	Rat	Overexpression	Survival↑; angiogenesis↑	[65]
Caspase 8	MI	Rat	Silence	Cardiac fibrosis↓; survival↑	[66]
SIRT1	MI	Rat	Overexpression	Cardiac remodeling↓; angiogenesis↑	[67]
Netrin-1	MI	Rat	Overexpression	Survival↑; migration	[68]
FGF4-bFGF	MI	Rat	Overexpression	Survival↑; microvascular density↑; cardiac fibrosis↓	[69]
MicroRNA-377	MI	Rat	Knockdown	Angiogenesis↑	[70]
PKCɛ	MI	Rat	Overexpression	Survival ↑; infarct size ↓apoptosis ↓	[71]
Trx1	MI	Rat	Overexpression	Angiogenesis↑	[72]
BCL2L1 (Bcl-xL)	MI	Rat/MSC culture	Overexpression	Apoptosis↓; angiogenesis↑	[73]
MDK	MI	Rat/MSC culture	Overexpression	Apoptosis↓; cardiac function↑	[74]
miR-23a	MI	Rat/MSC culture	Overexpression	Apoptosis↓; infarct size↓	[75]
miR Let-7b	MI	Rat/MSC culture	Overexpression	Cardiac function↓; infarct size↓; angiogenesis ↑	[76]
VEGF	MI	Rat/MSC culture	Overexpression	Survival ↑; angiogenesis ↑	[77]
HIF-1A	MI	Rat/MSC culture	Overexpression	Paracrine↑; angiogenesis↑; migration↑	[78]
KLK1 (tissue kallikrein)	MI	Rat/MSC culture	Overexpression	Apoptosis ↓; apoptosis↓	[79]
PHD2	MI	Mouse	Silence	Survival↑; apoptosis↓;scar size↓	[80]
ecSOD	MI	Mouse	Overexpression	Infarction size↓; apoptosis↓; survival.↑	[81]
MIR1-1 (miR-1)	MI	Mouse	Overexpression	Survival↑	[82]
HGF	MI	Mouse	Overexpression	Angiogenesis↑; apoptosis↓	[83]
ILK	MI	Porcine	Overexpression	Homing↑; LVEF↑; myocardial remodeling↓	[84]
IGF-1	MI	Porcine	Overexpression	Angiogenesis ↑	[85]
GLP-1	MI	Porcine	Overexpression	Angiogenesis ↑	[86]
VEGF (165)	MI	Ovine	Overexpression	Infarct size↓; left ventricular function↑	[87]
hRAMP1	MI	Rabbit	Overexpression	Infarct size↓	[88]
SOD2	—	MSC culture	Overexpression	Apoptosis↓	[56]
miR-210	—	MSC culture	Overexpression	Apoptosis↓; survival↑	[88]
CXCL12	—	MSC culture	Overexpression	Apoptosis↓; proliferation↑	[89]

MDK: midkine; Trx1: thioredoxin-1; PKCɛ: protein kinase C ɛ; IGF-1: insulin-like growth factor-1; Hsp27: exogenous heat shock protein 27; SOD2: manganese superoxide dismutase; OH-1: heme oxygenase; CXCR4: CXC chemokine receptor 4; CAMKK1: calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase-1;eNOS:endothelial nitric oxide synthases; ILK: integrin-linked kinase; Nrf2: nuclear factor- (erythroid-derived 2-) like 2; PHD2: prolyl hydroxylase domain protein 2; GLP-1: glucagon-like peptide-1; SIRT1: silent mating type information regulation 2 homolog 1; FGF4: fibroblast growth factor 4; bFGF: basic fibroblast growth factor; ecSOD: extracellular superoxide dismutase; RAMP1: receptor activity-modifying protein 1; PKG1α: protein kinase type 1α.