Cardiac Progenitor Cells in Basic Biology and Regenerative Medicine

Table 1

Selected clinical trials employing CPC therapy for cardiac regeneration against ischemic cardiomyopathy.

Trial name/reference	Classification	Cell type	Delivery route	Patient number	Follow-up time	Outcome	Side effects
SCIPIO (Chugh et al., 2012)	Phase I	c-kit^+ CPCs	Intracoronary	33	4 & 12 mo	LVEF: 8% ↑ at 12 mo versus baseline	None
						Scar size: 30% ↓ at 12 mo versus baseline
CONCERT-HF (NCT02501811)	Phase II	c-kit^+ CPCs & MSCs	Transendocardial	Est 144	6 & 12 mo	Currently ongoing	N/A
CADUCEUS (Malilarus et al., 2014)	Phase I	CDCs	Intracoronary	25	6 & 12 mo	LVEF: unchanged at 12 mo versus baseline	1 patient death
						Scar size: 12.3% ↓ at 12 mo versus baseline
ALCADIA (NCT00981006)	Phase I	CDCs	Intramyocardial with CABG	6	12 mo	LVEF: 12% ↑ at 6 mo versus baseline	None
						Scar size: 3.3% ↓ at 6 mo versus baseline
ALLSTAR (NCT01458405)	Phase I/II	CDCs	Intracoronary	Est 132	12 mo	Currently ongoing	N/A
HOPE (NCT02485938)	Phase I/II	CDCs	Intracoronary	Est 34	12 mo	Currently ongoing	N/A
DYNAMIC (NCT02293603)	Phase I	CDCs	Intracoronary	Est 42	12 mo	Currently ongoing	N/A
CAREMI (NCT02439398)	Phase I/II	CDCs	Intracoronary	Est 55	1, 6 & 12 mo	Currently ongoing	N/A
ESCORT (NCT02057900)	Phase I	ESC-derived; ISL1^+/ CD15^+	Epicardial patch	N/A	N/A	Currently recruiting	N/A

For ongoing and currently recruiting trials with no published results, the NCT (national clinical trial) identifier has been indicated as referenced by http://ClinicalTrials.gov; CPCs: cardiac progenitor cells, MSCs: mesenchymal stem cells, CDCs: cardiosphere-derived cells, CABG: coronary artery bypass graft, LVEF: left ventricular ejection fraction, mo: month, Est: estimated, N/A: not applicable, ↑: increase, ↓: decrease.